validated

Validate your configurations with precise error messages:

• Define schema with validators which are agnostic to the actual representation of data, be it a JSON string, object in memory or any other format.

• Use schema with runners specific for formats (object and JSON5 runners are included). Get error messages with precise info (line and column numbers for example).

• Get the result of a validation as an object: either a plain JSON or some domain specific classes if schema is defined in that way.

Table of Contents

• Installation
• Usage
  • Schema
  • List of schema primitives
    • any
    • string, number, boolean
    • enumeration
    • mapping
    • arrayOf
    • object
    • partialObject
    • maybe
    • oneOf
    • recur
  • Refining validations
  • Defining new schema types
  • Integration with FlowType

Installation

% npm install validated

Usage

Schema

Schema is defined with validators which are agnostic to the actual representation of data, be it a JSON string or an object in memory:

import {
  mapping, arrayOf, object, partialObject, oneOf, maybe, enumeration, recur,
  any, string, number, boolean
} from 'validated/schema'

There's schema validator for JSON objects in memory:

import {
  validate as validateObject
} from 'validated/object'

And schema validator for strings with JSON/JSON5 encoded data:

import {
  validate as validateJSON5
} from 'validated/json5'

Let's define some schema first:

let person = object({
  name: string,
  age: number,
})
 
let pet = object({
  nickName: string,
  age: number,
})
 
let collection = arrayOf(oneOf(person, pet))
 
validateJSON5(collection, '[{name: "John", age: 26}, {nickName: "Tima", age: 3}]')
// => [ { name: 'John', age: 26 }, { nickName: 'Tima', age: 3 } ]
 
validateObject(collection, [{name: "John", age: 26}, {nickName: "Tima", age: 3}])
// => [ { name: 'John', age: 26 }, { nickName: 'Tima', age: 3 } ]

List of schema primitives

any

Validates any value but not undefined or null:

validateObject(any, 'ok')
// => 'ok'
 
validateObject(any, 42)
// => 42
 
validateObject(any, null)
// ValidationError: Expected a value but got null
 
validateObject(any, undefined)
// ValidationError: Expected a value but got undefined

If you want to validated any value and even an absence of one then wrap it in maybe:

validateObject(maybe(any), null)
// => null
 
validateObject(maybe(any), undefined)
// => undefined

string, number, boolean

Validate strings, numbers and booleans correspondingly.

validateObject(string, 'ok')
// => 'ok'
 
validateObject(number, 42)
// => 42
 
validateObject(boolean, true)
// => true

enumeration

Validate enumerations:

validateObject(enumeration('yes', 'no'), 'yes')
// => 'yes'
 
validateObject(enumeration('yes', 'no'), 'no')
// => 'no'
 
validateObject(enumeration('yes', 'no'), 'oops')
// ValidationError: Expected value to be one of "yes", "no" but got "oops"

mapping

Validate mappings from string keys to values.

Untyped values (value validator defaults to any):

validateObject(mapping(), {})
// => {}
 
validateObject(mapping(), {a: 1, b: 'ok'})
// => { a: 1, b: 'ok' }
 
validateObject(mapping(), 'oops')
// ValidationError: Expected a mapping but got string

Typed value:

validateObject(mapping(number), {a: 1})
// => { a: 1 }
 
validateObject(mapping(number), {a: 1, b: 'ok'})
// ValidationError: Expected value of type number but got string
// While validating value at key "b"

arrayOf

Validate arrays.

Untyped values (value validator defaults to any):

validateObject(arrayOf(any), [])
// => []
 
validateObject(arrayOf(any), [1, 2, 'ok'])
// => [ 1, 2, 'ok' ]
 
validateObject(arrayOf(any), 'oops')
// ValidationError: Expected an array but got string

Typed value:

validateObject(arrayOf(number), [1, 2])
// => [ 1, 2 ]
 
validateObject(arrayOf(number), [1, 2, 'ok'])
// ValidationError: Expected value of type number but got string
// While validating value at index 2

object

Validate objects, objects must specify validator for each of its keys:

let person = object({
  name: string,
  age: number,
})
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 27})
// => { name: 'john', age: 27 }
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john'})
// ValidationError: Expected value of type number but got undefined
// While validating missing value for key "age"
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 'notok'})
// ValidationError: Expected value of type number but got string
// While validating value at key "age"
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 42, extra: 'oops'})
// ValidationError: Unexpected key: "extra"
// While validating key "extra"
 
validateObject(person, {nam: 'john', age: 42})
// ValidationError: Unexpected key: "nam", did you mean "name"?
// While validating key "nam"

If some key is optional, wrap its validator in maybe:

let person = object({
  name: string,
  age: number,
  nickName: maybe(string),
})
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 27})
// => { name: 'john', age: 27 }
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 27, nickName: 'J'})
// => { name: 'john', age: 27, nickName: 'J' }

You can also specify default values for keys:

let person = object({
  name: string,
  age: number,
  nickName: string,
}, {
  nickName: 'John Doe'
})
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 27})
// => { name: 'john', age: 27, nickName: 'John Doe' }
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 27, nickName: 'J'})
// => { name: 'john', age: 27, nickName: 'J' }

partialObject

Validate a subset of the keys from the object, passing all extra keys through:

let person = partialObject({
  name: string,
  age: number,
})
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 27})
// => { name: 'john', age: 27 }
 
validateObject(person, {name: 'john', age: 42, extra: 'ok'})
// => { name: 'john', age: 42, extra: 'ok' }

maybe

Validates null and undefined but passes through any other value to the underlying validator:

validateObject(maybe(string), null)
// => null
 
validateObject(maybe(string), undefined)
// => undefined
 
validateObject(maybe(string), 'ok')
// => 'ok'
 
validateObject(maybe(string), 42)
// ValidationError: Expected value of type string but got number

oneOf

Tries a multiple validators and choose the one which succeeds first:

validateObject(oneOf(string, number), 'ok')
// => 'ok'
 
validateObject(oneOf(string, number), 42)
// => 42
 
validateObject(oneOf(string, number), true)
// ValidationError: Either:
//
//   Expected value of type string but got boolean
//
//   Expected value of type number but got boolean
//

recur

Allows to define recursive validators:

let tree = recur(tree =>
  object({
    value: any,
    children: maybe(arrayOf(tree))
  })
)
 
validateObject(tree, {value: 'ok'})
// => { value: 'ok' }
 
validateObject(tree, {value: 'ok', children: [{value: 'child'}]})
// => { value: 'ok', children: [ { value: 'child' } ] }

Refining validations

Example:

class Point {
 
  constructor(x, y) {
    this.x = x
    this.y = y
  }
}
 
let point = arrayOf(number).andThen((value, error) => {
  if (value.length !== 2) {
    throw error('Expected an array of length 2 but got: ' + value.length)
  }
  return new Point(value[0], value[1])
})
 
validateObject(point, [1, 2])
// => Point { x: 1, y: 2 }
 
validateJSON5(point, '[1, 2]')
// => Point { x: 1, y: 2 }
 
validateJSON5(point, '[1]')
// ValidationError: Expected an array of length 2 but got: 1 (line 1 column 1)

Defining new schema types

Example:

import {Node} from 'validated/schema'
 
class Point {
 
  constructor(x, y) {
    this.x = x
    this.y = y
  }
}
 
class PointNode extends Node {
 
  validate(context) {
    // prevalidate value with primitive validators
    let prevalidator = arrayOf(number)
    let {value, context: nextContext} = prevalidator.validate(context)
 
    // perform additional validations
    if (value.length !== 2) {
 
      // just report an error, context information such as line/column
      // numbers will be injected automatically
      throw context.error('Expected an array of length 2 but got: ' + value.length)
    }
 
    // construct a Point object, do whatever you want here
    let [x, y] = value
    let point = new Point(x, y)
 
    // return constructed value and the next context
    return {value: point, context: nextContext}
  }
}
 
validateObject(new PointNode(), [1, 2])
// => Point { x: 1, y: 2 }
 
validateJSON5(new PointNode(), '[1, 2]')
// => Point { x: 1, y: 2 }
 
validateJSON5(new PointNode(), '[1]')
// ValidationError: Expected an array of length 2 but got: 1 (line 1 column 1)

Integration with FlowType

Validated library uses FlowType extensively. Its API is defined in a way which automatically infers types for produced values:

import {object, string, number} from 'validated/schema'
import {validate} from 'validated/json5'
 
let personSchema = object({
  name: string,
  age: number,
})
 
let value: {name: string; age: number} = validate(
  personSchema,
  '{"name": "Andrey", age: 29}'
)

Note that the type annotation isn't needed — FlowType infers the type automatically based on a schema.