@metarouter/ajs-next

Analytics Next

Analytics Next (aka Analytics 2.0) is the latest version of Segment’s JavaScript SDK - enabling you to send your data to any tool without having to learn, test, or use a new API every time.

Table of Contents

• 🏎️ Quickstart
  • 💡 Using with Segment
  • 💻 Using as an NPM package
• 🔌 Plugins
• 🐒 Development
• 🧪 Testing
  • ✅ Unit Testing

---

🏎️ Quickstart

The easiest and quickest way to get started with Analytics 2.0 is to use it through Segment. Alternatively, you can install it through NPM and do the instrumentation yourself.

💡 Using with Segment

1. Create a javascript source at Segment - new sources will automatically be using Analytics 2.0! Segment will automatically generate a snippet that you can add to your website. For more information visit our documentation).

2. Start tracking!

💻 Using as an NPM package

1. Install the package

# npm
npm install @segment/analytics-next

# yarn
yarn add @segment/analytics-next

# pnpm
pnpm add @segment/analytics-next

2. Import the package into your project and you're good to go (with working types)!

import { AnalyticsBrowser } from '@segment/analytics-next'

const analytics = AnalyticsBrowser.load({ writeKey: '<YOUR_WRITE_KEY>' })

analytics.identify('hello world')

document.body?.addEventListener('click', () => {
  analytics.track('document body clicked!')
})

using React (Simple / client-side only)

import { AnalyticsBrowser } from '@segment/analytics-next'

// we can export this instance to share with rest of our codebase.
export const analytics = AnalyticsBrowser.load({ writeKey: '<YOUR_WRITE_KEY>' })

const App = () => (
  <div>
    <button onClick={() => analytics.track('hello world')}>Track</button>
  </div>
)

using React (Advanced w/ React Context)

const AnalyticsContext = React.createContext<AnalyticsBrowser>(undefined!);

type Props = {
  writeKey: string;
  children: React.ReactNode;
};
export const AnalyticsProvider = ({ children, writeKey }: Props) => {
  const analytics = React.useMemo(
    () => AnalyticsBrowser.load({ writeKey }),
    [writeKey]
  );
  return (
    <AnalyticsContext.Provider value={analytics}>
      {children}
    </AnalyticsContext.Provider>
  );
};

// Create an analytics hook that we can use with other components.
export const useAnalytics = () => {
  const result = React.useContext(AnalyticsContext);
  if (!result) {
    throw new Error("Context used outside of its Provider!");
  }
  return result;
};

// use the context we just created...
const TrackButton = () => {
  const analytics = useAnalytics()
  return (
    <button onClick={() => analytics.track('hello world').then(console.log)}>
      Track!
    </button>
  )
}

const App = () => {
  return (
    <AnalyticsProvider writeKey='<YOUR_WRITE_KEY>'>
      <TrackButton />
    </AnalyticsProvider>
  )

More React Examples:

• Our playground (written in NextJS) -- this can be run with yarn dev.
• Complex React example repo which outlines using the Segment snippet and using the Segment npm package.

using Vue 3

1. create composable file segment.ts with factory ref analytics:

import { Analytics, AnalyticsBrowser } from '@segment/analytics-next'

export const analytics = AnalyticsBrowser.load({
  writeKey: '<YOUR_WRITE_KEY>',
})

2. in component

<template>
  <button @click="track()">Track</button>
</template>

<script>
import { defineComponent } from 'vue'
import { analytics } from './services/segment'

export default defineComponent({
  setup() {
    function track() {
      analytics.track('Hello world')
    }

    return {
      track,
    }
  },
})
</script>

For snippet users only: How to add typescript support

1. Install npm package @segment/analytics-next

2. Create ./typings/analytics.d.ts

// ./typings/analytics.d.ts
import type { AnalyticsSnippet } from "@segment/analytics-next";

declare global {
  interface Window {
    analytics: AnalyticsSnippet;
  }
}

3. Configure typescript to read from the custom ./typings folder

// tsconfig.json
{
  ...
  "compilerOptions": {
    ....
    "typeRoots": [
      "./node_modules/@types",
      "./typings"
    ]
  }
  ....
}

🐒 Development

First, clone the repo and then startup our local dev environment:

$ git clone [e-mail]:segmentio/analytics-next.git
$ cd analytics-next
$ yarn dev

If you get "Cannot find module '@segment/analytics-next' or its corresponding type declarations.ts(2307)" (in VSCode), you may have to "cmd+shift+p -> "TypeScript: Restart TS server"

Then, make your changes and test them out in the test app!

🔌 Plugins

When developing against Analytics Next you will likely be writing plugins, which can augment functionality and enrich data. Plugins are isolated chunks which you can build, test, version, and deploy independently of the rest of the codebase. Plugins are bounded by Analytics Next which handles things such as observability, retries, and error management.

Plugins can be of two different priorities:

1. Critical: Analytics Next should expect this plugin to be loaded before starting event delivery
2. Non-critical: Analytics Next can start event delivery before this plugin has finished loading

and can be of five different types:

1. Before: Plugins that need to be run before any other plugins are run. An example of this would be validating events before passing them along to other plugins.
2. After: Plugins that need to run after all other plugins have run. An example of this is the segment.io integration, which will wait for destinations to succeed or fail so that it can send its observability metrics.
3. Destination: Destinations to send the event to (ie. legacy destinations). Does not modify the event and failure does not halt execution.
4. Enrichment: Modifies an event, failure here could halt the event pipeline.
5. Utility: Plugins that change Analytics Next functionality and don't fall into the other categories.

Here is an example of a simple plugin that would convert all track events event names to lowercase before the event gets sent through the rest of the pipeline:

export const lowercase: Plugin = {
  name: 'Lowercase events',
  type: 'before',
  version: '1.0.0',

  isLoaded: () => true,
  load: () => Promise.resolve(),

  track: (ctx) => {
    ctx.event.event = ctx.event.event.toLowerCase()
    return ctx
  },
  identify: (ctx) => ctx,
  page: (ctx) => ctx,
  alias: (ctx) => ctx,
  group: (ctx) => ctx,
  screen: (ctx) => ctx,
}

For further examples check out our existing plugins.

🧪 QA

Feature work and bug fixes should include tests. Run all Jest tests:

$ yarn test

Lint all with ESLint:

$ yarn lint