Leaflet.DistortableImage
A Leaflet extension to distort images -- "rubbersheeting" -- for the MapKnitter.org (src) image georectification service by Public Lab. Leaflet.DistortableImage allows for perspectival distortions of images, client-side, using CSS3 transformations in the DOM.
Advantages include:
- It can handle over 100 images smoothly, even on a smartphone
- Images can be right-clicked and downloaded individually in their original state
- CSS3 transforms are GPU-accelerated in most (all?) browsers, for a very smooth UI
- No need to server-side generate raster GeoTiffs, tilesets, etc. in order to view distorted imagery layers
- Images use DOM event handling for real-time distortion
- Full resolution download option for large images, using WebGL acceleration
Download as zip or clone the repo to get a local copy.
Also available on NPM as leaflet-distortableimage:
npm i leaflet-distortableimage
Compatibility with Leaflet versions
Compatible with Leaflet 1.0.0 and greater
Demo
Check out this simple demo.
And watch this GIF demo:
To test the code, open index.html
in your browser and click and drag the markers on the edges of the image. The image will show perspectival distortions.
For the additional features in the multiple image interface, open select.html
and use shift + click on an image or shift + drag on the map to "multi-select" (collect) images. For touch screens, touch + hold the image.
Single Image Interface
The simplest implementation is to create a map with our recommended TileLayer
, then create an L.distortableImageOverlay
instance and add it onto the map.
// set the initial map center and zoom level
map = L.map('map').setView([51.505, -0.09], 13);
// adds a Google Satellite layer with a toner label overlay
map.addGoogleMutant();
map.whenReady(function() {
// By default, 'img' will be placed centered on the map view specified above
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg').addTo(map);
});
Note: map.addGoogleMutant()
is a convenience function for adding our recommended layer to the map. If you want a different baselayer, skip this line and add your preferred setup instead.
Options available to pass during L.DistortableImageOverlay
initialization:
Actions
-
actions
(optional, default: [L.DragAction
,L.ScaleAction
,L.DistortAction
,L.RotateAction
,L.FreeRotateAction
,L.LockAction
,L.OpacityAction
,L.BorderAction
,L.ExportAction
,L.DeleteAction
], value: array)
If you would like to overrwrite the default toolbar actions available for an individual image's L.Popup
toolbar, pass an array with the actions you want. Reference the available values here.
For example, to overrwrite the toolbar to only include L.OpacityAction
and L.DeleteAction
, and also add on an additional non-default like L.RestoreAction
:
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
actions: [L.OpacityAction, L.DeleteAction, L.RestoreAction],
}).addTo(map);
Corners
-
corners
(optional, default: an array ofLatLang
s that position the image on the center of the map, value: array)
Allows you to set an image's position on the map manually (somewhere other than the center default).
Note that this can manipulate the shape and dimensions of your image.
The corners should be passed as an array of L.latLng
objects in NW, NE, SW, SE order (in a "Z" shape).
They will be stored on the image. See the Quick API Reference for their getter and setter methods.
Example:
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
corners: [
L.latLng(51.52,-0.14),
L.latLng(51.52,-0.10),
L.latLng(51.50,-0.14),
L.latLng(51.50,-0.10),
],
}).addTo(map);
// you can grab the initial corner positions
JSON.stringify(img.getCorners())
=> "[{"lat":51.52,"lng":-0.14},{"lat":51.52,"lng":-0.1},{"lat":51.5,"lng":-0.14},{"lat":51.5,"lng":-0.1}]"
// ...move the image around...
// you can check the new corner positions.
JSON.stringify(img.getCorners())
=> "[{"lat":51.50685099607552,"lng":-0.06058305501937867},{"lat":51.50685099607552,"lng":-0.02058595418930054},{"lat":51.486652692081925,"lng":-0.06058305501937867},{"lat":51.486652692081925,"lng":-0.02058595418930054}]"
// note there is an added level of precision after dragging the image
Editable
editable
(optional, default: true, value: boolean)
Internally, we use the image load
event to trigger a call to img.editing.enable()
, which sets up the editing interface (makes the image interactive, adds markers and toolbar).
If you want to enable editing based on custom logic instead, you can pass editable: false
and then write your own function with a call to img.editing.enable()
. Other passed options such as selected: true
and mode
will still be applicable and applied then.
Note: when using the multiple image interface (L.DistortableCollection
) this option will be ignored on individualL.DistortableImageOverlay
instances and should instead be passed to the collection instance.
Full-resolution download
fullResolutionSrc
(optional)
We've added a GPU-accelerated means to generate a full resolution version of the distorted image; it requires two additional dependencies to enable; see how we've included them in the demo:
<script src="../node_modules/webgl-distort/dist/webgl-distort.js"></script>
<script src="../node_modules/glfx/glfx.js"></script>
When instantiating a Distortable Image, pass in a fullResolutionSrc
option set to the url of the higher resolution image. This image will be used in full-res exporting.
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
fullResolutionSrc: 'large.jpg',
}).addTo(map);
Mode
mode
(optional, default: "distort", value: string)
This option sets the image's initial editing mode, meaning the corresponding editing handles will always appear first when you interact with the image.
Values available to pass to mode
are:
- distort (default): Distortion via individually draggable corners.
- drag: Translation via individually draggable corners.
- rotate: Rotation only.
- scale: Resize only.
- freeRotate: Combines the rotate and scale modes into one.
-
lock: Locks the image in place. Disables any user gestures, toolbar actions, or hotkeys that are not associated with mode. Exception:
L.ExportAction
will still be enabled.
In the below example, the image will be initialiazed with "freeRotate" handles:
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
mode: 'freeRotate',
}).addTo(map);
If you select a mode
that is removed or unavailable, your image will just be assigned the first available mode
on initialization.
Limiting modes:
Eachmode
is just a special type of action, so to ensure that these are always in sync themodes
available on an image instance can be limited by theactions
available on it. To remove a mode, limit its corresponding action via theactions
option during initialization. This holds true even whensuppressToolbar: true
is passed.
In the below example, the image will be initialiazed with 'freeRotate'
handles, and limit its available modes to 'freeRotate'
and 'scale'
.
- We also remember to add the normal toolbar actions we will want:
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
mode: 'freeRotate',
actions: [L.FreeRotateAction, L.ScaleAction, L.BorderAction, L.OpacityAction],
}).addTo(map);
Likewise, it is possible to remove or add actions
during runtime (addTool
, removeTool
), and if those actions are modes it will remove / add the mode
.
Rotation
rotation
(optional, default: {deg: 0, rad: 0}, value: hash)
Set the initial rotation angle of your image, in degrees or radians. Set the unit as the key, and the angle as the value.
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
rotation: {
deg: 180,
},
}).addTo(map);
Selected
selected
(optional, default: false, value: boolean)
By default, your image will initially appear on the screen as unselected (no toolbar or markers). Interacting with it will make them visible.
If you prefer that an image initially appears as selected instead, pass selected: true
.
Note: when working with the multi-image interface, only the last overlay you pass selected: true
to will appear with editing handles and a toolbar.
Suppress Toolbar
suppressToolbar
(optional, default: false, value: boolean)
To initialize an image without its L.Popup
instance toolbar, pass it suppressToolbar: true
.
Typically, editing actions are triggered through our toolbar interface. If disabling the toolbar, the developer will need to implement their own toolbar UI connected to our actions (WIP API for doing this)
Multiple Image Interface
Our DistortableCollection
class builds on the single image interface to allow working with multiple images simultaneously.
The setup is relatively similar.
Although not required, you will probably want to pass corners
to individual images when adding multiple or they will be positioned on top of eachother.
Here is an example with two images:
// 1. Instantiate map
// 2. Instantiate images but this time *dont* add them directly to the map
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
corners: [
L.latLng(51.52, -0.14),
L.latLng(51.52,-0.10),
L.latLng(51.50, -0.14),
L.latLng(51.50,-0.10),
],
});
img2 = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
corners: [
L.latLng(51.51, -0.20),
L.latLng(51.51,-0.16),
L.latLng(51.49, -0.21),
L.latLng(51.49,-0.17),
],
});
// 3. Instantiate an empty `DistortableCollection` group
imgGroup = L.distortableCollection().addTo(map);
// 4. Add the images to the group
imgGroup.addLayer(img);
imgGroup.addLayer(img2);
Note: You must instantiate a blank collection, then dynamically add layers to it like above. This is becauseDistortableCollection
internally uses thelayeradd
event to enable additional editing features on images as they are added, and it is only triggered when they are added dynamically.
Options available to pass during L.DistortableCollection
initialization:
Actions
-
actions
(optional, default: [L.ExportAction
,L.DeleteAction
,L.LockAction
,L.UnlockAction
], value: array)
Overrwrite the default toolbar actions for an image collection's L.Control
toolbar. Reference the available values here.
For example, to overrwrite the toolbar to only include the L.DeleteAction
:
imgGroup = L.distortableCollection({
actions: [L.DeleteAction],
}).addTo(map);
To add / remove a tool from the toolbar at runtime, we have also added the methods addTool(action)
and removeTool(action)
.
Editable
editable
(optional, default: true, value: boolean)
See editable.
Suppress Toolbar
suppressToolbar
(optional, default: false, value: boolean)
Same usage as suppressToolbar, but for the collection group's L.Control
toolbar instance.
This provides the developer with the flexibility to keep the popup toolbars, the control toolbar, both, or neither.
For ex.
// suppress this images personal toolbar
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
suppressToolbar: true,
corners: [
L.latLng(51.52, -0.14),
L.latLng(51.52,-0.10),
L.latLng(51.50, -0.14),
L.latLng(51.50,-0.10),
],
});
// suppress the other images personal toolbar
img2 = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
suppressToolbar: true,
});
// suppress collection toolbar accessed during multi-image selection
imgGroup = L.distortableCollection({
supressToolbar: true,
}).addTo(map);
UI and functionalities
Currently it supports multiple image selection and translations, and WIP we are working on porting all editing tools to work for it, such as opacity, etc. Image distortions (via modes) still use the single-image interface.
A single toolbar instance (using L.control
) renders the set of tools available to use on collections of images.
collect:
- Collect an indvidiual image with shift +
click
. - Or for touch devices,
touch
+hold
(akalongpress
). - Collect multiple images at once with shift +
drag
(Uses ourL.Map.BoxCollector
).
decollect:
- In order to return to the single-image interface, where each
L.popup
toolbar only applies actions on the image it's attached to, you must toggle all images out of collection withshift
+ click /touch
+hold
, or... - ...Click on the map or hit the esc key to quickly decollect all.
Toolbar Actions (& Keybindings)
Single Image Interface
Default tools
-
L.BorderAction (b)
- Toggles a thin border around the overlay.
-
L.DeleteAction (backscpace, delete)
- Permanently deletes the image from the map. Uses a
confirm()
modal dialog. - windows
backspace
/ macdelete
- Permanently deletes the image from the map. Uses a
-
L.DistortAction (d)
- Sets
distort
mode.
- Sets
-
L.DragAction
- Sets
drag
mode.
- Sets
- L.ExportAction (e)
-
L.FreeRotateAction (f)
- Sets
freeRotate
mode.
- Sets
-
L.LockAction (l, u)
- Toggles between
lock
mode and the initially set default mode (distort
by default).
- Toggles between
- L.OpacityAction (o)
-
L.RotateAction (r):
- Sets
rotate
mode.
- Sets
-
L.ScaleAction (s):
- Sets
scale
mode.
- Sets
Add-on tools
These may be added using addTool()
, like this:
distortableImageLayer.editing.addTool(L.StackAction);
-
L.RestoreAction
- Restores the image to its natural dimensions, scale, rotation, and location on the map.
-
L.StackAction (q, a)
- Switch an image's overlap compared to neighboring images back and forth into view. Employs
bringToFront()
andbringToBack()
from the Leaflet API.
- Switch an image's overlap compared to neighboring images back and forth into view. Employs
- L.GeolocateAction (WIP)
Multiple Image Interface
Defaults:
- L.ExportAction (e)
-
L.DeleteAction (backscpace, delete)
- Permanently deletes a collection of images from the map.
-
L.LockAction (l)
- Sets
lock
mode for a collection of images.
- Sets
-
L.UnlockAction (u)
- Unsets
lock
mode for a collection of images.
- Unsets
Quick API Reference
L.Map
We have extended Leaflet's L.Map
to include a convenience method for this library:
addGoogleMutant(opts? <Mutant options>): this
- Adds a Google Mutant layer with location labels according to our recommended setup.
-
Mutant options: {[mutantOpacity][, maxZoom][, minZoom][, labels][, labelOpacity][, doubleClickLabels]}
-
mutantOpacity
(default 0.8, value: number 0..1) - Same as Leaflet's
L.TileLayer
opacity
option. -
maxZoom
(default: 18, value: number 0..21) - Same as Leaflet's
L.TileLayer
maxZoom
option, except has a maximum value of 21 because higher zoom levels on the mutant layer will result in an error being thrown. - The mutant layer will appear blurry for zoom levels exceeding 18.
-
minZoom
(default: 0, value: number 0..maxZoom) - Same as Leaflet's
L.TileLayer
minZoom
option. -
labels
(default: true, value: boolean) - If set to
false
, the mutant layer will not have location labels. -
labelOpacity
(default: 1, value: number 0, 1) - If set to
0
, labels will be initially invisible. - Set to
undefined
iflabels: false
is also passed. -
doubleClickLabels
(default: true, value: boolean) - Label visibility (opacity) is toggled between 0 and 1 on map
dblclick
. To turn this functionality off, set this option to false. - Set to
undefined
iflabels: false
is also passed.
-
- Mutant options are saved on the map and accessible during runtime as
map.mutantOptions.
And the following custom handlers:
doubleClickLabels: this
- Allows toggling label visibility on map
dblclick
. - Enabled by default on
#addGoogleMutant
unless the optionslabels: false
ordoubleClickLabels: false
are passed to it. - If
labels: false
passed, removed from map altogether. - If there are labels present but
doubleClickLabels: false
was passed, just disabled and can always be enabled during runtime via Leaflet's Handler API. - Disables the map's default
doubleClickZoom
handler when enabled.
boxCollector: this
- Overrides the map's default
boxZoom
handler. To useboxZoom
instead, pass the options{ boxCollector: false, boxZoom: true }
to the map on initialization. - Allows multiple images to be collected when shift +
drag
ing on the map for the multiple image interface.
We have slightly changed a default Leaflet handler:
doubleClickZoom: this
- This handler may not be
enabled
(and will return false) while thedoubleClickLabels
handler isenabled
. - This handler and
doubleClickLabels
time and fire a customsingleclick
event on map click.
Our "doubleClick" handlers mentioned above use a customsingleclick
event to run logic on mapdblclick
while allowing the images on the map to remainselected
. You can read more about the implications of this and how to disable it on our wiki "singleclick event".
L.DistortableImageOverlay
An individual image instance that can have transformation methods called on it and can be "selected".
getCorner(idx <number 0..3>): LatLng
- Returns the coordinates of the image corner at index.
getCorners(): 4 [LatLng, LatLng, LatLng, LatLng]
- Returns the coordinates of the image corners in NW, NE, SW, SE order.
setCorner(idx <number 0..3>, LatLng): this
- Updates the coordinates of the image corner at index to LatLng and, where applicable, marker and toolbar positioning.
- We use this internally for
distort
mode.
setCorners(LatLngCorners): this
- Same as
#setCorner
, but takes in a "corners" object made up ofLatLng
s to update all 4 corners with only one UI update at the end. - We use this internally for image translation, rotation, and scaling.
-
LatLngCorners: { keys: <number 0..4>, values: LatLng }
ex.var scaledCorners = {}; var i; var p; for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { p = map .project(img.getCorner(i)) .subtract(center) .multiplyBy(scale) .add(center); scaledCorners[i] = map.unproject(p); } img.setCorners(scaledCorners);
setCornersFromPoints(PointCorners): this
- Same as
#setCorners
, but takes in a "corners" object made up ofPoint
s instead ofLatLng
s. - PointCorners: { keys: <number 0..4>, values: Point }
getCenter(): LatLng
- Returns the center (centroid) of the image.
getAngle([unit = 'deg'] <string>): Number
- Returns the image's rotation angle in
units
, or in degrees by default. -
Number
will always be >= 0. -
unit
(optional, default: 'deg', value: string 'deg'|'rad')
ex.img.getAngle(); img.getAngle('deg'); img.getAngle('rad');
setAngle(angle <number>, [unit = 'deg'] <string>): this
- Sets the image's rotation to
angle
inunits
, or in degrees by default. -
unit
(optional, default: 'deg', value: string 'deg'|'rad')
ex.img.setAngle(180); img.setAngle(180, 'deg'); img.setAngle(Math.PI, 'rad');
rotateBy(angle <number>, [unit = 'deg'] <string>): this
- Rotates the image relative to its current angle by
angle
inunits
, or in degrees by default. -
unit
(optional, default: 'deg', value: string 'deg'|'rad')
ex.img.rotateBy(180); img.rotateBy(180, 'deg'); img.rotateBy(Math.PI, 'rad');
scaleBy(factor <number>): this
- Scales the image by the given factor and calls
#setCorners
. - A scale of 0 or 1 will leave the image unchanged - but 0 causes the function to automatically return.
- A negative scale will invert the image and, depending on the factor, change its size.
- Ex.
img.scaleBy(0.5)
restore(): this
- Restores the image to its natural dimensions, scale, rotation, and location on the map.
isSelected(): Boolean
- Returns true if the individual image instance is selected.
select(): this
- Selects an individual image instance.
- If its editing handler is disabled or the multiple image interface is on (
imgGroup.anyCollected() === true
), does not select and instead just returns undefined. - Internally invoked on image
click
.
deselect(): this
- Deselects an individual image instance.
- If its editing handler is disabled, does not deselect and instead just returns undefined.
- Internally invoked on map
click
and image collect (shift +click
).
L.DistortableImageOverlay.Edit
A handler that holds the keybindings and toolbar API for an image instance. It is always initialized with an instance of L.DistortableImageOverlay
. Besides code organization, it provides the ability to enable
and disable
image editing using the Leaflet API.
Note: The main difference between theenable
/disable
runtime API and using theeditable
option during initialization is in runtime, neither individual image instaces nor the collection group get precedence over the other.
enable(): this
- Sets up the editing interface (makes the image interactive).
- Called internally by default (editable), but unlike the option it can be used in runtime and is not ignored if there is a collection group. In fact...
- ...An individual image can be enabled while the group is disabled. i.e. calling
img.editing.enable()
afterimgGroup.editing.disable()
is valid. In this case, the single image interface will be available on this image but not the multi-image interface.
disable(): this
- Deselects the image, and disables its editing interface (makes it non-interactive).
- Called internally by default on image deletion.
- An individual image can be disabled while the group is enabled.
enabled(): Boolean
- Returns true if editing on the individual image instance is enabled.
img.editing.enabled()
hasMode(mode <string>): Boolean
- Returns true if the image has the passed mode.
getMode(): String
- Returns the current
mode
of the image.
getModes(): Hash
- Returns all the modes available on the image.
nextMode(): this
- Sets the
mode
of the image to the next one in themodes
array by passing it to#setMode
. - If the image's editing interface is not enabled or
modes
only has 1mode
, it will instead return undefined and not update the image'smode
. - We use this internally to iterate through an image's editing modes easily on
dblclick
, but you can call it programmatically if you find a need. Note thatdblclick
also selects the image (given it's not disabled and the collection interface is not on).
setMode(mode <string>): this
- Sets the
mode
of the image to the passed one given that it is in themodes
array, it is not already the currentmode
, and the image editing interface is enabled. Otherwise, does not set the mode and instead just returns undefined.
L.DistortableCollection
A collection instance made up of a group of images. Images can be "collected" in this interface and a "collected" image is never also "selected".
isCollected(img <DistortableImageOverlay>): Boolean
- Returns true if the passed
L.DistortableImageOverlay
instance is collected, i.e. its underlyingHTMLImageElement
has a class containing "selected".
anyCollected(): Boolean
- Returns true if any
L.DistortableImageOverlay
instances are collected.
L.DistortableCollection.Edit
Same as L.DistortableImage.Edit
but for the collection (L.DistortableCollection
) instance.
enable(): this
- Sets up the multi-editing interface.
- Called internally by default, see editable.
- Calls each individual image's
#enable
method and then enables the multi-image interface.
disable(): this
- Removes the editing interface (makes the image non-interactive, removes markers and toolbar).
- Called internally by default on image group deletion, but can also be used for custom behavior.
- Calls each individual image's
#disable
method and disables the multi-image interface.
enabled(): Boolean
- Returns true if editing on the collection instance is enabled.
imgGroup.editing.enabled()
removeTool(action <EditAction>): this
- Removes the passed tool from the control toolbar in runtime if the tool is present.
- ex:
imgGroup.removeTool(Deletes)
addTool(action <EditAction>): this
- Adds the passed tool to the end of the control toolbar in runtime.
replaceTool(old <EditAction>), next <EditAction>)
- Replaces the first parameter with the second parameter. Returns the parent object.
hasTool(action <EditAction>): Boolean
- Returns true if the tool is present in the currently rendered control toolbar.
Additional Components
Keymapper
// add a position option with combinations of 'top', 'bottom', 'left' or 'right'
L.distortableImage.keymapper(map, {
position: 'topleft',
});
Options:
-
position
(optional, default: 'topright', value: string)
Adds a control onto the map which opens a keymapper legend showing the available key bindings for different editing / interaction options.
(WIP) Currently includes keybindings for all available actions and does not update yet if you use the actions
API to limit available actions.
Custom Translations
You can translate the LDI toolbar buttons in your native language by providing a custom translation
object to DistortableImageOverlay
or DistortableCollection
.
NOTE: If you don't specify a custom translation for a certain field, it will fallback to English.
These are the defaults:
var translation = {
deleteImage: 'Delete Image',
deleteImages: 'Delete Images',
distortImage: 'Distort Image',
dragImage: 'Drag Image',
exportImage: 'Export Image',
exportImages: 'Export Images',
removeBorder: 'Remove Border',
addBorder: 'Add Border',
freeRotateImage: 'Free rotate Image',
geolocateImage: 'Geolocate Image',
lockMode: 'Lock Mode',
lockImages: 'Lock Images',
makeImageOpaque: 'Make Image Opaque',
makeImageTransparent: 'Make Image Transparent',
restoreImage: 'Restore Natural Image',
rotateImage: 'Rotate Image',
scaleImage: 'Scale Image',
stackToFront: 'Stack to Front',
stackToBack: 'Stack to Back',
unlockImages: 'Unlock Images',
confirmImageDelete: 'Are you sure? This image will be permanently deleted from the map.',
confirmImagesDeletes: 'Are you sure? These images will be permanently deleted from the map.',
};
For confirmImagesDeletes
you can pass a function that returns a string.
This is useful for languages where noun form depends on the number:
var translation = {
confirmImagesDeletes: function(n) {
var cond = n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <= 4 && n%100 - n%10 !== 10;
var str = 'Czy na pewno chcesz usunąć ' + n;
if(cond) str += ' obrazy?';
else str += ' obrazów?';
return str;
},
// ...
}
L.DistortableImageOverlay
img = L.distortableImageOverlay('example.jpg', {
translation: {
deleteImage: 'Obriši sliku',
distortImage: 'Izobliči sliku',
dragImage: 'Pomjeri sliku',
// ...
},
}).addTo(map);
L.DistortableCollection
imgGroup = L.distortableCollection({
translation: {
deleteImages: 'Obriši slike',
exportImages: 'Izvezi slike',
// ...
},
}).addTo(map);
Contributing
See CONTRIBUTING.md for details on how you can contribute to Leaflet.DistortableImage.
Contributors
- Anish Shah, @anishshah101
- Justin Manley, @manleyjster
- Jeff Warren, @jywarren
- Sasha Boginsky, @sashadev-sky
- Pranshu Srivastava, @rexagod
Many more at https://github.com/publiclab/Leaflet.DistortableImage/graphs/contributors