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jsonata

1.5.4 • Public • Published

jsonata

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JavaScript implementation of the JSONata query and transformation language.

Installation

  • npm install jsonata

Usage

In Node.js:

var jsonata = require("jsonata");
 
var data = {
  example: [
    {value: 4},
    {value: 7},
    {value: 13}
  ]
};
var expression = jsonata("$sum(example.value)");
var result = expression.evaluate(data);  // returns 24

In a browser:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>JSONata test</title>
    <script src="lib/jsonata.js"></script> 
    <script>
      function greeting() {
        var json = JSON.parse(document.getElementById('json').value);
        var result = jsonata('"Hello, " & name').evaluate(json);
        document.getElementById('greeting').innerHTML = result;
      }
    </script> 
  </head>
  <body>
    <textarea id="json">{ "name": "Wilbur" }</textarea>
    <button onclick="greeting()">Click me</button>
    <p id="greeting"></p>
  </body>
</html>

jsonata uses ES2015 features such as generators. For browsers lacking these features, lib/jsonata-es5.js is provided.

API

jsonata(str)

Parse a string str as a JSONata expression and return a compiled JSONata expression object.

var expression = jsonata("$sum(example.value)");

If the expression is not valid JSONata, an Error is thrown containing information about the nature of the syntax error, for example:

{
  code: "S0202",
  stack: "...",
  position: 16,
  token: "}",
  value: "]",
  message: "Syntax error: expected ']' got '}'"
}

expression has three methods:

expression.evaluate(input[, bindings[, callback]])

Run the compiled JSONata expression against object input and return the result as a new object.

var result = expression.evaluate({example: [{value: 4}, {value: 7}, {value: 13}]});

input should be a JavaScript value such as would be returned from JSON.parse(). If input could not have been parsed from a JSON string (is circular, contains functions, ...), evaluate's behaviour is not defined. result is a new JavaScript value suitable for JSON.stringify()ing.

bindings, if present, contains variable names and values (including functions) to be bound:

jsonata("$a + $b()").evaluate({}, {a: 4, b: () => 78});
// returns 82

expression.evaluate() may throw a run-time Error:

var expression = jsonata("$notafunction()"); // OK, valid JSONata
expression.evaluate({}); // Throws

The Error contains information about the nature of the run-time error, for example:

{
  code: "T1006",
  stack: "...",
  position: 14,
  token: "notafunction",
  message: "Attempted to invoke a non-function"
}

If callback(err, value) is supplied, expression.evaluate() returns undefined, the expression is run asynchronously and the Error or result is passed to callback.

jsonata("7 + 12").evaluate({}, {}, (error, result) => {
  if(error) {
    console.error(error);
    return;
  }
  console.log("Finished with", result);
});
console.log("Started");
 
// Prints "Started", then "Finished with 19"

expression.assign(name, value)

Permanently binds a value to a name in the expression, similar to how bindings worked above. Modifies expression in place and returns undefined. Useful in a JSONata expression factory.

var expression = jsonata("$a + $b()");
expression.assign("a", 4);
expression.assign("b", () => 1);
 
expression.evaluate({}); // 5

Note that the bindings argument in the expression.evaluate() call clobbers these values:

expression.evaluate({}, {a: 109}); // 110

expression.registerFunction(name, implementation[, signature])

Permanently binds a function to a name in the expression.

var expression = jsonata("$greet()");
expression.registerFunction("greet", () => "Hello world");
 
expression.evaluate({}); // "Hello world"

You can do this using expression.assign or bindings in expression.evaluate, but expression.registerFunction allows you to specify a function signature. This is a terse string which tells JSONata the expected input argument types and return value type of the function. JSONata raises a run-time error if the actual input argument types do not match (the return value type is not checked yet).

var expression = jsonata("$add(61, 10005)");
expression.registerFunction("add", (a, b) => a + b, "<nn:n>");
 
expression.evaluate({}); // 10066

Function signatures are specified like so:

Function signature syntax

A function signature is a string of the form <params:return>. params is a sequence of type symbols, each one representing an input argument's type. return is a single type symbol representing the return value type.

Type symbols work as follows:

Simple types:

  • b - Boolean
  • n - number
  • s - string
  • l - null

Complex types:

  • a - array
  • o - object
  • f - function

Union types:

  • (sao) - string, array or object
  • (o) - same as o
  • u - equivalent to (bnsl) i.e. Boolean, number, string or null
  • j - any JSON type. Equivalent to (bnsloa) i.e. Boolean, number, string, null, object or array, but not function
  • x - any type. Equivalent to (bnsloaf)

Parametrised types:

  • a<s> - array of strings
  • a<x> - array of values of any type

Some examples of signatures of built-in JSONata functions:

  • $count has signature <a:n>; it accepts an array and returns a number.
  • $append has signature <aa:a>; it accepts two arrays and returns an array.
  • $sum has signature <a<n>:n>; it accepts an array of numbers and returns a number.
  • $reduce has signature <fa<j>:j>; it accepts a reducer function f and an a<j> (array of JSON objects) and returns a JSON object.

Each type symbol may also have options applied.

  • + - one or more arguments of this type
    • E.g. $zip has signature <a+>; it accepts one array, or two arrays, or three arrays, or...
  • ? - optional argument
    • E.g. $join has signature <a<s>s?:s>; it accepts an array of strings and an optional joiner string which defaults to the empty string. It returns a string.
  • - - if this argument is missing, use the context value ("focus").
    • E.g. $length has signature <s-:n>; it can be called as $length(OrderID) (one argument) but equivalently as OrderID.$length().

More information

Contributing

See the CONTRIBUTING.md for details of how to contribute to this repo.

Keywords

install

npm i jsonata

Downloadsweekly downloads

10,417

version

1.5.4

license

MIT

homepage

jsonata.org

repository

Gitgithub

last publish

collaborators

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