jeotiff

geotiff.js

Read (geospatial) metadata and raw array data from a wide variety of different (Geo)TIFF files types.

Features

Currently available functionality:

• Parsing the headers of all possible TIFF files
• Rudimentary extraction of geospatial metadata
• Reading raster data from:
  • stripped images
  • tiled images
  • band interleaved images
  • pixel interleaved images
• Supported data-types:
  • (U)Int8/16/32
  • Float32/64
• Enabled compressions:
  • no compression
  • Packbits
  • LZW
  • Deflate
• Subsetting via an image window and selected bands
• Reading of samples into separate arrays or a single pixel-interleaved array
• Configurable tile/strip cache
• Limited bigTIFF support
• Automated testing via PhantomJS

Further documentation can be found here.

Example Usage

• Slice view using Cesium.js (TAMP project)

• Contour generation using d3-contour

Setup

To setup the repository do the following steps:

# clone repo 
git clone https://github.com/constantinius/geotiff.js.git
cd geotiff.js/
 
# install development dependencies 
npm install -g grunt-cli
npm install

Testing and Building

In order to run the tests you first have to set up the test data. This requires the GDAL and ImageMagick tools. Installation of these tools varies according to the operating system, the following listing shows the installation on Ubuntu (using the ubuntugis-unstable repository):

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y gdal-bin imagemagick

When GDAL and ImageMagick is installed, the test data setup script can be run:

cd test/data
sh setup_data.sh
cd -

To test the library (using PhantomJS, karma, mocha and chai) do the following:

npm test

To do some in-browser testing do:

npm start

and navigate to http://localhost:9000/test/

To build the library do:

npm run build

The output is written to dist/geotiff.browserify.js and dist/geotiff.browserify.min.js.

Usage

geotiff.js works with both browserify style require and the global variable GeoTIFF:

var GeoTIFF = require("geotiff");

or:

<script src="dist/geotiff.browserify.js"></script>
<!-- or use the minified version:
  <script src="dist/geotiff.browserify.min.js"></script>
-->
<script>
  console.log(GeoTIFF);
</script> 

To actually open a GeoTIFF image use the parse function. It works with both ArrayBuffer and String:

var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', url, true);
xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
xhr.onload = function(e) {
  var tiff = GeoTIFF.parse(this.response);
  // ...
}
xhr.send();

Similarly, the fetch() API can be used:

fetch(url)
  .then(function(response) { return response.arrayBuffer(); })
  .then(function(data) {
    const tiff = GeoTIFF.parse(data);
    // ...
  });

When using the parser in node, you have to convert the Buffer to an ArrayBuffer first. See the following example for the conversion:

var GeoTIFF = require("geotiff");
var fs = require("fs");
 
fs.readFile(path, function(err, data) {
  if (err) throw err;
  dataArray = data.buffer.slice(data.byteOffset, data.byteOffset + data.byteLength);
  var tiff = GeoTIFF.parse(dataArray);
  // ...
});

Each TIFF file can be comprised of multiple "subfiles", containing the actual raster data. To get the actual images, use the getImage method:

var image = tiff.getImage(); // or use .getImage(n) where n is between 0 and
                             // tiff.getImageCount()
 
console.log(image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), image.getSamplesPerPixel());

To actually read raster data the readRasters method does the job. It returns an Array of TypedArrays for each of the requested samples of the requested region:

var rasterWindow = [50, 50, 100, 100]; // left, top, right, bottom
var samples = [0, 1, 2, 3];
var rasters = image.readRasters({window: rasterWindow, samples: samples});
for (var i = 0; i < rasters.length; ++i) {
  console.log(rasters[i]);
}
// to read all samples with no subsets:
rasters = image.readRasters();
 
// to read the data in a single interleaved array:
var array = image.readRasters({interleave: true});

To read TIFF or geo-spatial metadata, the methods .getFileDirectory() and .getGeoKeys() provide the data:

console.log(image.getFileDirectory(), image.getGeoKeys());

What to do with the data?

There is a nice HTML 5/WebGL based rendering library called plotty, that allows for some really nice on the fly rendering of the data contained in a GeoTIFF.

<canvas id="plot"></canvas>
<script>
  // ...
  var tiff = GeoTIFF.parse(data);
  var image = tiff.getImage();
  var rasters = image.readRasters();
  var canvas = document.getElementById("plot");
  var plot = new plotty.plot({
    canvas: canvas, data: rasters[0],
    width: image.getWidth(), height: image.getHeight(),
    domain: [0, 256], colorScale: "viridis"
  });
  plot.render();
</script> 

RGB-data

When the TIFF file has color data stored, this can automatically extracted using the readRGB method. This always resolves with an Uint8Array with interleaved red, green, and blue values.

This method translates CMYK and YCbCr colorspaces to RGB, supports color maps and two versions of grey-scale images (black is zero/white is zero).

The following example shows how to display such data in a browsers canvas:

var parser = GeoTIFF.parse(data);
var image = parser.getImage();
image.readRGB(function(raster) {
  var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
  canvas.width = image.getWidth();
  canvas.height = image.getHeight();
  var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
  var imageData = ctx.createImageData(image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
  var data = imageData.data;
  var o = 0;
  for (var i = 0; i < raster.length; i+=3) {
    data[o] = raster[i];
    data[o+1] = raster[i+1];
    data[o+2] = raster[i+2];
    data[o+3] = 255;
    o += 4;
  }
  ctx.putImageData(imageData, 0, 0);
});

BigTIFF support

geotiff.js has a limited support for files in the BigTIFF format. The limitations originate in the capabilities of current JavaScript implementations regarding 64 bit integer parsers and structures: there are no functions to read 64 bit integers from a stream and no such typed arrays. As BigTIFF relies on 64 bit offsets and also allows tag values of those types. In order to still provide a reasonable support, the following is implemented:

• 64 bit integers are read as two 32 bit integers and then combined. As numbers in JavaScript are typically implemented as 64 bit floats, there might be inaccuracies for very large values.
• For 64 bit integer arrays, the default Array type is used. This might cause problems for some compression algorithms if those arrays are used for pixel values.

Planned stuff:

• Better support of geospatial parameters:
  • Parsing of EPSG identifiers
  • WKT representation
  • Specifying of window in CRS coordinates
• Improving support of CIELab* images
• Support of "overview images" (i.e: images with reduced resolution)

Contribution

If you have an idea, found a bug or have a remark, please open a ticket, we will look into it ASAP.

Pull requests are welcome as well!

Acknowledgements

This library was inspired by GeotiffParser. It provided a great starting point, but lacked the capabilities to read the raw raster data which is the aim of geotiff.js.