image-steam

A simple, fast, and highly customizable realtime image manipulation web server built atop Node.js. Serving (many) millions of images daily by way of simple (single DC, simple storage) and advanced (multi-DC geo-distributed, replicated storage, multi-tier caching) configurations. Responsible in part for this white paper.

Notice: v0.41 Introduces Minor Breaking Changes

What is Image Steam?

http://localhost:13337/my-app/some-path/my-image.jpg/:/rs=w:640/cr=l:5%25,t:10%25,w:90%25,h:80%25/fx-gs

Consider the above isteam example, by allowing clients to directly request any variation of an image using few or many image instructions, and in near realtime. This opens the doors to improved user and developer experiences. The above example takes the requested image some-path/my-image.jpg, resizes to a fixed width (preserving aspect, by default), crops around the edges like a picture frame, applies greyscale effects, and will auto-select the most optimal image format supported by the requesting device -- all without developer support, and in (near) realtime.

Layer	Info
node.js http(s)	RESTful interface
routing	URI pathing that make up the desired image operations. Device aware - Supports implied optimizations based on the given request (notably webp support)
throttling	Quality of service management
security	Allows protecting resources behind the tranformations via signed requests
optimized original	Optimization of uploaded originals
storage	Storage engine for reads (original or cache) and writes (cache). Extensible storage clients for storage and caching
processor	Image operations (resize, crop, etc) go here, powered by Sharp and libvips

Why Image Steam?

There are a number of options out there, but isteam differentiates itself by:

Feature	Info
Highly configurable	Everything all the way down to how image operations are mapped can be overridden. Most solutions are very prescriptive on how it must work. isteam is intended to adhere to your architecture, your storage, your caching, your replication patterns
Optimized	Optimizes originally uploaded asset to account for large uploads, enabling a higher quality service by making the pipeline for image operations substantially faster. A critical feature in supporting large media of todays modern devices
QoS	Quality of service features such as throttling and memory thresholds, to best take advantage of your hardware under ideal and non ideal scenarios
Device Aware	Device centric responses, where more than a URI may influence response. Compression and Accepts header (i.e. WebP) being examples
CDN Support	Supported, but not required
Library Agnostic	Provides an abstraction atop image processing libraries, enabling per-operation level of control to enable using the right tool for the given operation. Bugs, features, performance are a few of the factors that may influence this
Friendly CLI	No custom app required to create your image API
Platform Agnostic	Good *Nix & Windows support

Installation

The speed and power of this module would not be possible without the incredible work of libvips (low level image processor), Sharp (depends on libvips), and xxHash for lightning-fast hashing.

Install Sharp via http://sharp.dimens.io/en/stable/install/ - This should also take care of the libvips dependency.

Usage

Standalone Server

While Routing, Throttling, and Storage are all independently usable and configurable, a basic usage example that pulls everything together can be as simple as:

npm install image-steam -g
isteam --isConfig './myconfig.json' --isDefaults './mydefaults.json'

Defaults are optional. Config can also be a CommonJS file:

isteam --isConfig './myconfig.js'

Connect Middleware

Or if you prefer to incorporate into your own app:

var http = require('http');
var imgSteam = require('image-steam');

http.createServer(new imgSteam.http.Connect({ /* options */ }).getHandler())
  .listen(13337, '127.0.0.1')
;

Which is equivalent of cloning this repo and invoking npm start.

Cloning

If you plan to hack on isteam:

git clone [e-mail]:asilvas/node-image-steam.git
cd ./node-image-steam
npm install
npm start

^ May require sudo or admin rights.

Performance

While this module provides granular control over HTTP throttling to provide the highest quality of service possible, performance is entirely from Sharp and libvips: http://sharp.dimens.io/en/stable/performance/#performance

Options

isteam --isConfig './myconfig.json'

HTTP Options

{
  "http": [
    { "port": 80 },
    { "port": 443, "ssl": {} }
  ]
}

Option	Type	Default	Info
port	number	13337	Port to bind to
host	string	"localhost"	Host to bind to
backlog	number	511	TCP backlog
ssl	TLS Options	undefined	If object provided, will bind with TLS Options
ssl.pfx	Buffer or string	undefined	If string, will auto-load from file system
ssl.key	Buffer or string	undefined	If string, will auto-load from file system
ssl.cert	Buffer or string	undefined	If string, will auto-load from file system
globalAgent	AgentKeepAlive	Defaults	If object, will initialize the global http(s) agents

Storage Options

{
  "storage": {
    "defaults": {
      "driverPath": "image-steam-s3",
      "endpoint": "s3.amazonaws.com",
      "accessKey": "abc",
      "secretKey": "123"
    }
  }
}

Option	Type	Default	Info
defaults	StorageOptions	optional	If provided, these options will be the defaults applied to all StorageOptions. Note: At least one of defaults, app, domain, or header are required
app	Object<StorageOptions>	optional	If provided, allows for driver-specific options to be applied on a per-request basis, based on the route. If no match is found, the original options provided at initialization will be used. Example: { "some-app": StorageOptions } }.
domain	Object<StorageOptions>	optional	If provided, allows for driver-specific options to be applied on a per-request basis, based on the host header. If no match is found, the original options provided at initialization will be used. Example: { "somedomain.com": StorageOptions }. Note: You must still provide root level storage options to act as defaults
header	Object<StorageOptions>	optional	If provided, allows for driver-specific options to be applied on a per-request basis, based on x-isteam-app header. If no match is found, the original options provided at initialization will be used. Example: { "some-other-app": StorageOptions }. Note: You must still provide root level storage options to act as defaults
cache	StorageOptions	optional	If provided, allows for driver-specific options to be applied for all cache objects. This effectively puts the api into a read-only mode for original assets, with all writes going exclusively to a single cache store
cacheOptimized	StorageOptions	optional	If provided, will attempt to access only optimized original assets from this storage. This permits splitting of cache for sake of replication or eviction policies. If supplied, this also means delete requests will be supplied to both caches
cacheArtifacts	boolean	true	If false, processed image artifacts will not be cached. Useful if limited cache capacity
cacheTTS	number	optional	If provided, when artifacts or optimized originals (unless cacheOptimizedTTS is also provided) are fetched from cache, if the age of the object exceeds this time-to-stale value (in seconds), it's age will be reset (implementation varies by storage client, but defaults to copying onto itself). This is a powerful pattern in cases where the cache storage leverages time-to-live, but you do not want active objects to be deleted at the expense of the user experience (and cost). When an object is "refreshed", it will only impact the storage of the stale object, ignoring replicas option. A refresh is out-of-band of the request
cacheOptimizedTTS	number	optional	If provided, when optimized original are fetched from cache, if the age of the object exceeds this time-to-stale value (in seconds), it's age will be reset (implementation varies by storage client, but defaults to copying onto itself). This is a powerful pattern in cases where the cache storage leverages time-to-live, but you do not want active objects to be deleted at the expense of the user experience (and cost). When an object is "refreshed", it will only impact the storage of the stale object, ignoring replicas option. A refresh is out-of-band of the request
replicas	Object<StorageReplica>	optional	If provided, all cache writes will also be written (out-of-band) to the desired storage replicas. Example: { remoteCache: { cache: { /* options */ }, cacheOptimized: { /* options */ } } }. Where remoteCache is the name of a storage I want to forward my writes to. This feature provides a high degree of flexibility when determining your distribution of data across the globe, without the fixed replication that may be permitted by the storage provided (ala S3 replication).
replicas[].cache	StorageOptions	optional	Same behavior as storage.cache
replicas[].cacheOptimized	StorageOptions	optional	Same behavior as storage.cacheOptimized
replicas[].replicateArtifacts	boolean	true	In some cases it may be too costly to replicate all image artifacts, especially when the location you're replicating to may receive small amounts of traffic for the same images. By disabling this flag, only optimized original images will be written to replicas

StorageOptions

Option	Type	Default	Info
driver	string	driver or driverPath required	Bundled storage driver to use
driverPath	string	driver or driverPath required	Load a custom driver from the desired path, ignoring the driver option
fallback	string optional	The app storage to use if reads fail. This is especially useful for proxy scenarios to avoid dependency on a single region
(driver options)			All other options will be supplied to the storage driver indicated by driver or driverPath

Advanced storage example:

{
  "storage": {
    "defaults": {
      "driverPath": "image-steam-s3",
      "endpoint": "s3.amazonaws.com
    },
    "app": {
      "app1": {
        "accessKey": "key1",
        "secretKey": "secret1"
      }
    },
    "cache": {
      "endpoint": "<dc1 endpoint>",
      "accessKey": "key2",
      "secretKey": "secret2"
    },
    "cacheTTS": 86400, /* 24 hrs */
    "cacheOptimizedTTS": 43200, /* 12 hrs */
    "replicas": {
      "dc2Cache": {
        "cache": {
          "endpoint": "<dc2 endpoint>",
          "accessKey": "key3",
          "secretKey": "secret3"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Bundled Storage Clients

Storage Client - File System

Option	Type	Default	Info
driver=fs			File System
path	string	required	Root path on file system

Storage Client - HTTP

Option	Type	Default	Info
driver=http			Read-Only driver for web resource
endpoint	string	required	Endpoint of http(s) service
bucket	string	optional	If provided, will not attempt to take bucket from path

Custom Client

Custom storage types can easily be added via exporting fetch and store. See lib/storage/fs (read/write/delete) or lib/storage/http (read only) for reference.

External Storage Clients

• https://github.com/asilvas/image-steam-aws-s3 - S3 client built on AWS S3
• https://github.com/asilvas/image-steam-s3 - S3 client built on knox
• https://github.com/asilvas/image-steam-redis - Redis client built on ioredis
• https://github.com/asilvas/image-steam-blobby - Blobby client over HTTP(S)

Throttle Options

Throttling allows for fine grain control over quality of service, as well as optimizing to your hardware.

{
  "throttle": {
    "ccProcessors": 4,
    "ccPrefetchers": 20,
    "ccRequests": 100
  }
}

Option	Type	Default	Info
ccProcessors	number	4	Number of concurrent image processing operations. Anything to exceed this value will wait (via semaphore) for next availability
ccPrefetchers	number	20	Number of concurrent storage request operations. This helps prevent saturation of your storage and/or networking interfaces to provide the optimal experience
ccRequests	number	100	Number of concurrent http requests. Anything to exceed this value will result in a 503 (too busy), to avoid an indefinite pileup

Router Options

Most router defaults should suffice, but you have full control over routing. See Routing for more details.

{
  "router": {
    "originalSteps": {
      "resize": {
        "width": "2560", "height": "1440", "max": "true", "canGrow": "false"
      }
    }
  }
}

Option	Type	Default	Info
pathDelimiter	string	"/:/"	Unique (uri-friendly) string to break apart image path, and image steps
cmdKeyDelimiter	string	"/"	Separator between commands (aka image steps)
cmdValDelimiter	string	"="	Separator between a command and its parameters
paramKeyDelimiter	string	","	Separator between command parameters
paramValDelimiter	string	":"	Separator between a parameter key and its value
signatureDelimiter	string	"/-/"	Separator between steps and the signed url
supportWebP	boolean	true	Support for WebP format
originalSteps	object	Full Defaults	Steps performed on the original asset to optimize subsequent image processing operations. This can greatly improve the user experience for very large, uncompressed, or poorly compressed images
hqOriginalSteps	object	Full Defaults	Identical behavior to originalSteps, but with lossless defaults and reserved only for images smaller than hqOriginalMaxPixels
hqOriginalMaxPixels	number	400 * 400	Max threshold of pixels where the higher quality hqOriginalSteps are used in place of originalSteps
steps	object	Full Defaults	Mapping of URI image step commands and their parameters. This allows you to be as verbose or laconic as desired
beforeProcess	function	undefined	A function having the signature (routeInfo, options) => null that can manipulate request info before the processing starts

Routing

Routing is left-to-right for legibility.

Routing format:

{path}{pathDelimiter}{cmd1}{cmdValDelimiter}{cmd1Param1Key}{paramValDelimiter}{cmd1Param1Value}{paramKeyDelimiter}{cmdKeyDelimiter}{signatureDelimiter}{signature}?{queryString}

Example URI using Default Options:

some/image/path/:/cmd1=param1:val,param2:val,param3noVal/cmd2NoParams?cache=false

Or a more real-world example:

/my-s3-bucket/big-image.jpg/:/rs=w:640/cr=w:90%25,h:90%25

See Things to Try for many more examples.

Supported Operations

Resize (rs)

Resize an image, preserving aspect or not.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
w	Number/Unit	w OR h required	Width of new size. Supports Dimension Modifiers
h	Number/Unit	w OR h required	Height of new size. Supports Dimension Modifiers
mx	n/a	default	Retain aspect and use dimensions as the maximum permitted during resize
m	n/a	optional	Retain aspect and use dimensions as the minimum permitted during resize. Set to any value to enable
i	Boolean	false	If true will break aspect and resize to exact dimensions
cg	Boolean	false	If true, will allow image to exceed the dimensions of the original
int	String	bicubic	Process to use for resizing, from fastest to slowest
		nearest	Use nearest neighbour interpolation, suitable for image enlargement only
		bilinear	Use bilinear interpolation, the default and fastest image reduction interpolation
		bicubic	Use bicubic interpolation, which typically reduces performance by 5%
		vsqbs	Use vertexSplitQuadraticBasisSpline interpolation, which prevents "staircasing" and typically reduces performance by 5%
		lbb	Use LBB interpolation, which prevents some "acutance" and typically reduces performance by a factor of 2
		nohalo	Use Nohalo interpolation, which prevents acutance and typically reduces performance by a factor of 3
bg	String	optional	Supply a background color if applicable. Works in hex(123123) or rgb(123; 123; 123) or rgba(123; 123; 123; 0.5) formats
ft	String	fill	How to fit the image. See available options
ps	String	centre	How to position the image. See available options

Examples

1. rs=w:640 - Resize up to 640px wide, preserving aspect.
2. rs=h:480 - Resize up to 480px tall, preserving aspect.
3. rs=w:1024,h:768,m,cg:true - Resize to a minimum of 1024 by 768, preserving aspect, and allow it to exceed size of original.

Crop (cr)

Crop an image to an exact size.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
t	Number/Unit	0	Offset from top. Supports Dimension Modifiers
l	Number/Unit	0	Offset from left. Supports Dimension Modifiers
w	Number/Unit	width-left	Width of new size. Supports Dimension Modifiers
h	Number/Unit	height-top	Height of new size. Supports Dimension Modifiers
a	String	cc	Where to anchor from, using center-center by default. Top and Left are applied from the anchor. Possible horizontal axis values include left (l), center (c), and right (r). Possible vertical axis values include top (t), center (c), and bottom (b)
ay	Number/Unit	50%	Can be used to absolutely position the anchor offset vertically using either percentage or pixel values. Also supports offsets relative to the Anchor value
ax	Number/Unit	50%	Can be used to absolutely position the anchor offset horizontally using either percentage or pixel values. Also supports offsets relative to the Anchor value

Examples

1. cr=t:10%25,l:10%25,w:80%25,h:80%25 - Crop 10% around the edges
2. cr=w:64,h:64,a:cc - Crop 64x64 anchored from center.
3. cr=l:10,w:64,h:64 - Crops 64x64 from the left at 10px (ignoring the horizontal axis value of c), and vertically anchors from center since top is not provided.
4. cr=w:64,h:64,ax:30%25,ay:70%25 - Crops 64x64 anchored (centered) 30% from the left edge of the image and 70% from the top edge of the image.
5. cr=w:64,h:64,ax:100,ay:200 - Crops 64x64 anchored (centered) 100 pixels from the left edge of the image and 200 pixels from the top edge of the image.
6. cr=w:64,h:64,a:br,ax:-20%,ay:-30% - Crops 64x64 anchored 20% from the right edge and 30% from the bottom of the image.

Gamma (gm)

Apply a gamma correction by reducing the encoding (darken) pre-resize at a factor of 1/gamma then increasing the encoding (brighten) post-resize at a factor of gamma.

This can improve the perceived brightness of a resized image in non-linear colour spaces.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
g	Number	2.2	A float between 1 and 3. The default value is 2.2, a suitable approximation for sRGB images

JPEG input images will not take advantage of the shrink-on-load performance optimisation when applying a gamma correction.

Flatten (ft)

Merge alpha transparency channel, if any, with background.

Rotate (rt)

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
d	Number	0	Degrees to rotate the image, in increments of 90. Future implementations may support non-optimized degrees of rotation. Specify 0 to auto-rotate based on orientation

Examples

1. rt=d:90 - Rotate 90 degrees.

Flip (fl)

Not to be confused with rotation, flipping is the process of flipping an image on its horizontal and/or vertical axis.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
x	n/a	optional	Flip on the horizontal axis. No value required
y	n/a	optional	Flip on the vertical axis. No value required

Examples

1. fl=x - Flip horizontally.
2. fl=x,y - Flip on x and y axis.

Extend (exd)

Extend the size of the image, placing a background in the directions specified.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
t	Number	0	Extend up
l	Number	0	Extend left
b	Number	0	Extend down
r	Number	0	Extend right
bg	String	optional	Supply a background color if applicable. Works in hex(123123) or rgb(123; 123; 123) or rgba(123; 123; 123; 0.5) formats.

Examples

1. exd=l:10%,t:10%;r:10%;b:10%,bg:hex(123123) - Extend the image by 10% on all sides and apply a background color #123123.

Quality (qt)

The output quality to use for lossy JPEG, WebP and TIFF output formats.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
q	Number	80	Value between 1 (worst, smallest) and 100 (best, largest)

Compression (cp)

An advanced setting for the zlib compression level of the lossless PNG output format. The default level is 6.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
c	Number	6	Number between 0 and 9

Lossless (ll)

Flag format for lossless. Currently only supported by webp, and ignored by other formats. However if the requesting device does not support webp, and lossless is set, it will fallback to png for consistent quality.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
n	Boolean	false	Near lossless

Progressive (pg)

Use progressive (interlace) scan for JPEG and PNG output. This typically reduces compression performance by 30% but results in an image that can be rendered sooner when decompressed.

Can be useful for images that always need to be seen ASAP, but should not be used otherwise to save bandwidth.

Examples

1. rs=w:3840/pg - Create a big 4K-ish image and use progressive rendering to demonstrate value in some use cases.

Format (fm)

Supported, but not enabled by default in Router Options. Recommended to keep disabled in router, as internally format will be best determined by the individual request.

Override the auto-detected optimal format to output. Do not use this unless you have good reason.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
f	String	required	Format to output: "jpeg", "png", "webp", or "gif"

Metadata (md)

Carry metadata from the original image into the outputted image. Enabled by default.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
e	Boolean	true	Set to false to not preserve metadata from original

Sharpen (fx-sp)

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
r	Number	optional	Sharpening mask to apply in pixels, but comes at a performance cost
f	Number	1.0	Sharpening to apply to flat areas
j	Number	2.0	Sharpening to apply to jagged areas

Examples

1. fx-sp=r:3,f:5,j:5 -

Blur (fx-bl)

Fast mild blur by default, but can override the default sigma for more control (at cost of performance).

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
s	Number	2.0	The approximate blur radius in pixels, from 0.3 to 1000

Examples

1. fx-bl=s:5 - Blur using a stima radius of 5 pixels.

Greyscale (fx-gs)

Convert to 8-bit greyscale.

Normalize (fx-nm)

Enhance output image contrast by stretching its luminance to cover the full dynamic range. This typically reduces performance by 30%.

Info ($info)

Returns all known information about the image.

{
  "info": {
    "path": "family.jpg",
    "lastModified": "2017-10-30T23:27:06.000Z",
    "format": "webp",
    "width": 1706,
    "height": 2560,
    "space": "srgb",
    "channels": 3,
    "depth": "uchar",
    "density": 600,
    "hasProfile": true,
    "hasAlpha": false,
    "orientation": 1,
    "hash": 3979799324,
    "byteSize": 1337334
  }
}

Colors ($colors)

A new (ALPHA) command to retrieve a list of palette colors from image in JSON format.

Argument	Type	Default	Desc
w	Number	100	Width of image. w OR h must be set.
h	Number	undefined	Height of image. w OR h must be set.
mc	Number	10	Max colors to return
cc	Number	4	Cubic cells (3 or 4)
mn	Boolean	true	Use mean color (true) or median color (false)
o	String	distance	Order of results, distance between colors, or based on cell density

See Image-Pal for more details.

Examples

1. $colors - Get colors using default options.
2. $colors=mn:false - Get colors using median color logic (ideal for logos).

Dimension Modifiers

Dimension modifiers can be applied to any values where size and location are represented.

Pixels

Any numeric value around measurement without explicit unit type specified is implicitly of type px.

Examples

1. rs=w:200,h:300 - 200x300 pixels
2. rs=w:200px,h:300px - Identical to #1
3. cr=t:15,l:10,w:-10,h:-15 - Using pixel offsets

Percentage

A percentage applied to original value by supplying the percentage (%) modifier. Notice that % must be encoded as %25.

Examples

1. rs=w:50%25,h:50%25 - 50% of source width and height
2. cr=t:15%25,l:10%25,w:80%25,h:70%25 - 15% from top and bottom, 10% from left and right

Offset

To be used in conjunction with locations or dimensions, a plus (+) or minus (-) may be used to imply offset from original.

Examples

1. rs=w:+50px,h:-50px - 50px wider than original, 50px shorter than original
2. rs=w:+10%25,h:-10%25 - 10% wider than original, 10% shorter than original

Processor Options

Relying on sharp/libvips, and potentially other image processors in the future.

{
  "processor": {
    "sharp": {
      "cache": {
        "memory": 50, "files": 20, "items": 200
      },
      "concurrency": 0,
      "simd": false
    }
  }
}

Option	Type	Default	Info
sharp	SharpOptions
sharp.cache	CacheOptions
sharp.cache.memory	number	50	Maximum memory in MB to use for this cache
sharp.cache.files	number	20	Maximum number of files to hold open
sharp.cache.items	number	200	Maximum number of operations to cache
sharp.concurrency	number	0	Number of threads to process each image in parallel. A value of 0 will use all available cores
sharp.simd	boolean	false	Improves the performance of resize, blur and sharpen operations by taking advantage of the SIMD vector unit of the CPU, e.g. Intel SSE and ARM NEON
sharp.defaults	SharpConstructor	undefined	Options supplied to constructor

Error Handling

All major classes inherit from EventEmitter. By default http.start will log errors to stderr, but can be disabled in options by setting log.errors to false if you want more fine grained control.

Connect Errors

The next level down is Connect, and all child classes (shown below) will bubble up through this class:

var http = require('image-steam').http;
var connect = new http.Connect();
connect.on('error', function(err) { /* do something */ });

Throttle Errors

A lower level class with no children:

var http = require('image-steam').http;
var throttle = new http.Throttle();
throttle.on('error', function(err) { /* do something */ });

Processor Errors

A lower level class with no children:

var Processor = require('image-steam').Processor;
var processor = new Processor();
processor.on('error', function(err) { /* do something */ });

Storage Errors

A lower level class with no children:

var Storage = require('image-steam').Storage;
var storage = new Storage();
storage.on('error', function(err) { /* do something */ });

Security Options

Security allows protecting the image resources behind each tranformation. This will sign resource+transformation with the specified secret.

A signed url would look like this:

/my-s3-bucket/big-image.jpg/:/rs=w:640/cr=w:90%25,h:90%25/-/k5G5dlr9

{
  "security": {
    "enabled": true,
    "secret": keyboard_cat,
    "algorithm": 'sha1'
  }
}

Option	Type	Default	Info
enabled	boolean	false	If this feature is enabled, all requests urls will must be signed
secret	string	required	The signing secret
algorigthm	string	sha1	The hashing algorithm. Complete list: openssl list-cipher-algorithms

The following snippet shows how to sign a url (using the library defaults).

var crypto = require('crypto');
var shasum = crypto.createHash(YOUR_HASHING_ALGORITHM); // sha256 recommended
shasum.update('/' + IMAGE_PATH + '/:/' + IMAGE_STEPS + YOUR_SECRET);
var signature = shasum.digest('base64').replace(/\//g, '_').replace(/\+/g, '-').substring(0, 8);
var url = '/' + YOUR_IMAGE_PATH + '/:/' + YOUR_IMAGE_STEPS + '/-/' + signature;

Things to try:

• rs=w:640 - Resize to 640 width, retain aspect
• rs=w:640/cr=l:5%,t:10%,w:90%,h:80% - Same as above, and crop 5% of the sides and 10% of the top and bottom
• rs=w:640/cr=l:5%,t:10%,w:90%,h:80%/fx-gs - Same as above, and apply greyscale effect.
• rs=w:640/cr=l:5%,t:10%,w:90%,h:80%/fx-gs/qt=q:20 - Same as above, and use a low quality of 20.
• rs=w:64,h:64,m/cr=w:64,h:64/fx-gs - Resize image to a minimum of 64x64 w/o breaking aspect so that we can then crop the image and apply greyscale.
• fx-bl=s:5 - Apply a blur

License

MIT