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huebscher

Prettier

Prettier is an opinionated JavaScript formatter inspired by refmt with advanced support for language features from ES2017, JSX, and Flow. It removes all original styling and ensures that all outputted JavaScript conforms to a consistent style. (See this blog post)

Warning: This is a beta, and the format may change over time. If you aren't OK with the format changing, wait for a more stable version.

This goes way beyond eslint and other projects built on it. Unlike eslint, there aren't a million configuration options and rules. But more importantly: everything is fixable. This works because prettier never "checks" anything; it takes JavaScript as input and outputs the formatted JavaScript as output.

In technical terms: prettier parses your JavaScript into an AST and pretty-prints the AST, completely ignoring any of the original formatting. Say hello to completely consistent syntax!

There's an extremely important piece missing from existing styling tools: the maximum line length. Sure, you can tell eslint to warn you when you have a line that's too long, but that's an after-thought (eslint never knows how to fix it). The maximum line length is a critical piece the formatter needs for laying out and wrapping code.

For example, take the following code:

foo(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4);

That looks like the right way to format it. However, we've all run into this situation:

foo(reallyLongArg(), omgSoManyParameters(), IShouldRefactorThis(), isThereSeriouslyAnotherOne());

Suddenly our previous format for calling function breaks down because this is too long. What you would probably do is this instead:

foo(
  reallyLongArg(),
  omgSoManyParameters(),
  IShouldRefactorThis(),
  isThereSeriouslyAnotherOne()
);

This clearly shows that the maximum line length has a direct impact on the style of code we desire. The fact that current style tools ignore this means they can't really help with the situations that are actually the most troublesome. Individuals on teams will all format these differently according to their own rules and we lose the consistency we sought after.

Even if we disregard line widths, it's too easy to sneak in various styles of code in all other linters. The most strict linter I know happily lets all these styles happen:

foo({ num: 3 },
  1, 2)

foo(
  { num: 3 },
  1, 2)

foo(
  { num: 3 },
  1,
  2
)

Prettier bans all custom styling by parsing it away and re-printing the parsed AST with its own rules that take the maximum line width into account, wrapping code when necessary.

Usage

Install:

yarn add prettier

You can install it globally if you like:

yarn global add prettier

We're defaulting to yarn but you can use npm if you like:

npm install [-g] prettier

CLI

Run prettier through the CLI with this script. Run it without any arguments to see the options.

To format a file in-place, use --write. While this is in beta you should probably commit your code before doing that.

prettier [opts] [filename ...]

For easier cross-platform usage, prettier has built-in glob support:

prettier --write 'src/**/*.js' 'bin/*.js'

In the future we will have better support for formatting whole projects.

Pre-commit hook for changed files

🚫💩 lint-staged can re-format your files that are marked as "staged" via git add before you commit.

Install it along with pre-commit (or husky):

yarn add lint-staged pre-commit --dev

and add this config to your package.json:

{
  "scripts": {
    "lint:staged": "lint-staged"
  },
  "lint-staged": {
    "*.js": [
      "prettier --write",
      "git add"
    ]
  },
  "pre-commit": "lint:staged"
}

API

The API is a single function exported as format. The options argument is optional, and all of the defaults are shown below:

const prettier = require("prettier");

prettier.format(source, {
  // Fit code within this line limit
  printWidth: 80,

  // Number of spaces it should use per tab
  tabWidth: 2,

  // If true, will use single instead of double quotes
  singleQuote: false,

  // Controls the printing of trailing commas wherever possible. Valid options:
  // "none" - No trailing commas
  // "es5"  - Trailing commas where valid in ES5 (objects, arrays, etc)
  // "all"  - Trailing commas wherever possible (function arguments)
  trailingComma: "none",

  // Controls the printing of spaces inside object literals
  bracketSpacing: true,

  // If true, puts the `>` of a multi-line jsx element at the end of
  // the last line instead of being alone on the next line
  jsxBracketSameLine: false,

  // Which parser to use. Valid options are 'flow' and 'babylon'
  parser: 'babylon'
});

Atom

Atom users can simply install the prettier-atom package and use ctrl+alt+f to format a file (or format on save if turned on).

Emacs

Emacs users should see this folder for on-demand formatting.

Vim

Vim users can add the following to their .vimrc:

autocmd FileType javascript set formatprg=prettier\ --stdin

This makes Prettier power the gq command for automatic formatting without any plugins. You can also add the following to your .vimrc to run prettier when .js files are saved:

autocmd BufWritePre *.js :normal gggqG

If you want to restore cursor position after formatting, try this (although it's not guaranteed that it will be restored to the same place in the code since it may have moved):

autocmd BufWritePre *.js exe "normal! gggqG\<C-o>\<C-o>"

Visual Studio Code

Can be installed using the extension sidebar. Search for Prettier - JavaScript formatter

Can also be installed using ext install prettier-vscode

Check repository for configuration and shortcuts

Visual Studio

Install the JavaScript Prettier extension

Sublime Text

Sublime Text support is available through Package Control and the JsPrettier plug-in.

JetBrains

JetBrains users can configure prettier as an External Tool see this blog post or this directory with examples.

More editors are coming soon.

Language Support

Prettier attempts to support all JavaScript language features, including non-standardized ones. By default it uses the babylon parser with all language features enabled, but you can also use flow parser with the parser API or --parser CLI option.

All of JSX and Flow syntax is supported. In fact, the test suite in tests is the entire Flow test suite and they all pass.

Related Projects

• eslint-plugin-prettier plugs prettier into your eslint workflow
• eslint-config-prettier turns all eslint rules that are unnecessary or might conflict with prettier off
• prettier-eslint passes prettier output to eslint --fix
• prettier-standard-formatter passes prettier output to standard --fix
• prettier-with-tabs allows you to configure prettier to use tabs

Technical Details

This printer is a fork of recast's printer with its algorithm replaced by the one described by Wadler in "A prettier printer". There still may be leftover code from recast that needs to be cleaned up.

The basic idea is that the printer takes an AST and returns an intermediate representation of the output, and the printer uses that to generate a string. The advantage is that the printer can "measure" the IR and see if the output is going to fit on a line, and break if not.

This means that most of the logic of printing an AST involves generating an abstract representation of the output involving certain commands. For example, concat(["(", line, arg, line ")"]) would represent a concatentation of opening parens, an argument, and closing parens. But if that doesn't fit on one line, the printer can break where line is specified.

More (rough) details can be found in commands.md. Better docs will come soon.

Contributing

We will work on better docs over time, but in the mean time, here are a few notes if you are interested in contributing:

• You should be able to get up and running with just yarn
• This uses jest snapshots for tests. The entire Flow test suite is included here and you can make changes and run jest -u and then git diff to see the styles that changed. Always update the snapshots if opening a PR.
• If you can, look at commands.md and check out Wadler's paper to understand how this works. I will try to write a better explanation soon.
• I haven't set up any automated tests yet, but for now as long as you run jest -u to update the snapshots and I see them in the PR, that's fine.
• You can run AST_COMPARE=1 jest for a more robust test run. That formats each file, re-parses it, and compares the new AST with the original one and makes sure they are semantically equivalent.
• Each test folder has a jsfmt.spec.js that runs the tests. Normally you can just put run_spec(__dirname); there but if you want to pass specific options you can add the options object as the 2nd parameter like: run_spec(__dirname, { parser: 'babylon' });