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@julien-f/json-rpc

0.4.4 • Public • Published

json-rpc

Easy to use JSON-RPC 2 library

Installation

Installation of the npm package:

> npm install --save @julien-f/json-rpc

Because this is a [scoped package](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting- started/scoped-packages) you will need to have at least npm 2.7.0.

Usage

  1. Peer
  2. Errors
  3. Parsing
  4. Formatting

Peer

This library provides a high-level peer implementation which should be flexible enough to use in any environments.

// ES5
var createPeer = require('@julien/json-rpc').createPeer
 
// ES6
import {createPeer} from '@julien/json-rpc'

Construction

var peer = createPeer(function onMessage (message) {
  // Here is the main handler where every incoming
  // notification/request message goes.
  //
  // For a request, this function just has to throw an exception or
  // return a value to send the related response.
  //
  // If the response is asynchronous, just return a promise.
})

The onMessage parameter is optional, it can be omitted if this peer does not handle notifications and requests.

Note: For security concerns, only exceptions which are instance of JsonRpcError will be transmitted to the remote peer, all others will be substituted by an instance of UnknownError.

Connection

The peer is now almost ready, but before being usable, it has to be connected to the transport layer.

The simplest interface, the exec() method, has some limitations (no notifications support) but is often good enough.

It is often used with non-connected protocols such as HTTP:

var readAllSteam = require('read-all-stream')
 
// For this example we create an HTTP server:
require('http').createServer({
  port: 8081
}, function onRequest (req, res) {
  // Read the whole request body.
  readAllStream(req, function (err, data) {
    // Error handling would be better.
    if (err) return
 
    // Here `peer` is not used as a stream, it can therefore be used
    // to handle all the connections.
    peer.exec(message).then(function (response) {
      res.end(response)
    })
  })
})

If you have a connected transport, such as WebSocket, you may want to use the stream interface: the peer is a duplex stream and can therefore be connected to other streams via the pipe() method:

// For this example, we create a WebSocket server:
require('websocket-stream').createServer({
  port: 8080
}, function onConnection (stream) {
  // Because a stream can only be used once, it is necessary to create
  // a dedicated peer per connection.
  stream.pipe(createPeer(onMessage)).pipe(stream)
})

Notification

peer.notify('foo', ['bar'])

Request

The request() method returns a promise which will be resolved or rejected when the response will be received.

peer.request('add', [1, 2]).then(function (result) {
  console.log(result)
}).catch(function (error) {
  console.error(error.message)
})

Failure

Sometimes it is known that current pending requests will not get answered (e.g. connection lost), it is therefore necessary to fail them manually.

peer.request('add', [1, 2]).catch(function (reason) {
  console.error(reason)
  // → connection lost
})
 
peer.failPendingRequests('connection lost');

Errors

// ES5
var errors = require('@julien-f/json-rpc/errors')
var JsonRpcError = errors.JsonRpcError
var InvalidJson = errors.InvalidJson
var InvalidRequest = errors.InvalidRequest
var MehtodNotFound = errors.MehtodNotFound
var InvalidParameters = errors.InvalidParameters
 
// ES6
import {
  JsonRpcError,
  InvalidJson,
  InvalidRequest,
  MethodNotFound,
  InvalidParameters
} from '@julien-f/json-rpc/errors'

This is the base error for all JSON-RPC errors:

throw new JsonRpcError(message, code)

The JSON-RPC 2 specification defined also the following specialized errors:

// Parse error: invalid JSON was received by the peer.
throw new InvalidJson()
 
// Invalid request: the JSON sent is not a valid JSON-RPC 2 message.
throw new InvalidRequest()
 
// Method not found: the method does not exist or is not available.
throw new MethodNotFound(methodName)
 
// Invalid parameters.
throw new InvalidParameters(data)

Custom errors can of course be created, they just have to inherit JsonRpcError:

// ES5
function MyError () {
  JsonRpcError.call(this, 'my error', 1)
}
MyError.prototype = Object.create(JsonRpcError.prototype, {
  constructor: {
    value: MyError
  }
})
 
// ES6
class MyError extends JsonRpcError {
  constructor () {
    super('my error', 1)
  }
}

Parsing

// ES5
var parse = require('@julien-f/json-rpc/parse')
 
// ES6
import parse from '@julien/json-rpc/parse'

The parse() function parses, normalizes and validates JSON-RPC messages.

These message can be either JS objects or JSON strings (they will be parsed automatically).

This function may throws:

  • InvalidJson: if the string cannot be parsed as a JSON;
  • InvalidRequest: if the message is not a valid JSON-RPC message.
parse('{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "foo", "params": ["bar"]}')
// → {
//   [type: 'notification']
//   jsonrpc: '2.0',
//   method: 'foo',
//   params: ['bar']
// }
 
parse('{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "id": 0, "method": "add", "params": [1, 2]}')
// → {
//   [type: 'request']
//   jsonrpc: '2.0',
//   id: 0,
//   method: 'add',
//   params: [1, 2]
// }
 
parse('{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "id": 0, "result": 3}')
// → {
//   [type: 'response']
//   jsonrpc: '2.0',
//   id: 0,
//   result: 3
// }

A parsed message has a non enumerable property type set to easily differentiate between types of JSON-RPC messages.

Formatting

// ES5
var format = require('@julien-f/json-rpc/format')
 
// ES6
import * as format from '@julien/json-rpc/format'

The format.*() functions can be used to create valid JSON-RPC message in the form of JS objects. It is up to you to format them in JSON if necessary.

Notification

format.notification('foo', ['bars'])
// → {
//   [type: 'notification']
//   jsonrpc: '2.0',
//   method: 'foo',
//   params: ['bar']
// }

The last argument, the parameters of the notification is optional and defaults to [].

Request

The second argument, the parameters of the notification is optional and defaults to [].

The last argument, the identifier of the request is optional and is generated if missing via an increment.

format.request('add', [1, 2], 0)
// → {
//   [type: 'request']
//   jsonrpc: '2.0',
//   id: 0,
//   method: 'add',
//   params: [1, 2]
// }

Response

A successful response:

format.response(0, 3)
// → {
//   [type: 'response']
//   jsonrpc: '2.0',
//   id: 0,
//   result: 3
// }

A failed response:

var MethodNotFound = require('@julien-f/json-rpc/errors').MethodNotFound
 
format.error(0, new MethodNotFound('add'))
// → {
//   [type: 'error']
//   jsonrpc: '2.0',
//   id: 0,
//   error: {
//     code: -3601,
//     message: 'method not found: add',
//     data: 'add'
//   }
// }

Note: the error to format must be an instance of JsonRpcError or it will be automatically replaced by an instance of UnknownError for security reasons.

Contributions

Contributions are very welcomed, either on the documentation or on the code.

You may:

  • report any issue you've encountered;
  • fork and create a pull request.

License

ISC © Julien Fontanet

Keywords

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npm i @julien-f/json-rpc

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version

0.4.4

license

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homepage

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